Guitar is a stringed musical instrument played by plucked, usually using fingers or plectrum. Guitar formed on a main body with the neck is solid as a string of six didempetkan generally. Guitar is traditionally formed from various types of wood with strings made of nylon or steel. Some of the modern guitar is made of polycarbonate material. In general, the guitar is divided into two types: acoustic and electric.
Acoustic guitar, with the body cavities (hollow body), has been used for thousands of years. There are three main types of modern acoustic guitars: nylon-string acoustic guitar, acoustic guitar, steel string and archtop guitars. Classical guitar is generally played as a solo instrument uses a comprehensive fingerpicking technique.
Electric guitar, introduced in the 1930s, depending on the amplifier that can electronically manipulate the sound of the guitar. At the beginning of its use, electric guitars using body cavities (hollow body), but then the use of solid bodies (solid body) feels more appropriate. Widely renowned electric guitar as the main instrument in various genres of music such as blues, country, reggae, jazz, metal, rock, and various forms of pop music
History
The word 'guitar' or guitar in English, was originally named after an ancient stringed musical instrument in the region of Persia in about 1500 BC, known as citar or sehtar. This instrument is then developed into a variety of old-fashioned guitar model known as the general tanbur. In the year 300 BC the Persian Tanbur developed by the Greeks and six centuries later by the Romans (Bellow, 1970:54-55). 476M In this instrument was taken by the Romans to the Spanish and transformed into: guitarra Morisca melody that serves as a carrier, and Guitarra Latina to play the chord. Three centuries later the Arabs brought the guitar such as al ud lute to Spain (Summerfield, 1982:12). Under construction ud al Arab and the second model of the guitar from the Roman, the Spanish and then make your own musical instrument called a vihuela. As a result, the vihuela became popular in Spain as musical instruments gradually abandoned its predecessor. Yet al ud brought people to the Western European countries and rivaling the popularity of vihuela in Spain. In Europe, al ud welcome and evolved into various models of the European lute until about the end of the 17th century. While the vihuela evolving into a wide range of guitars over the centuries until it became a classic guitar that is used at this time.
Authenticity of the guitar can not be seen from its antiquity. Some experts feel this tool comes from the African continent, where many modern replicas in the form of spherical like a clam shell box with Gut / silk yarn, in many regions of the continent. Other experts find this tool in the form of glass in an old stone reliefs relief in the days of ancient Central Asia and Asia. Another food for thought also arose with the discovery of an ancient Greek vase patterned vase. Greek Strings are the first tool that may be categorized as a guitar. Possibility stems from the modern guitar Spanish guitar, but different types of guitars as instruments of instruments we can see in the days of Medieval dilukisan painting and there is lots Renaiassance throughout Europe.
Types of guitar
Type of guitar can be roughly divided into acoustic and electric guitars
Acoustic Guitar
An acoustic guitar.
Acoustic guitar has a hollow body part (hollow body) and can produce a relatively loud sound without electrical reinforcement. The sound of acoustic guitar strings resulting from the vibration which is then amplified by a guitar body that acts as a resonance tube.
There are several subcategories of grouping acoustic guitar, including:
Nylon-stringed guitar, including classical guitar and flamenco guitar
Steel-stringed guitar, including a flat-top guitar and folk guitar
Archtop guitar
Twelve-string guitar
The grouping also includes an acoustic guitar acoustic guitar tone that has a range of different levels, such as the acoustic bass guitar that has the same setem electric bass guitar.
Electric guitar
The main article for this section are: electric guitar
Electric guitar is a guitar that is designed so that the sound produced can be electrically amplified and if played without reinforcement would produce a relatively weak voice. The main components of the electric guitar is the pickup. Electromagnetic pickup captures the string vibration and the change in the form of signals, which are then forwarded to the medium melelui speaker cables or radio waves. The resulting sound is often manipulated in such a way as to use additional electronic equipment as well as the natural distortion of the vacuum tube inside a loudspeaker.
There are two types of magnetic pickups, the single coil pickups (single coil) and double coil pickups (double coil or humbucker), each pickup can be set active or passive. The first pickup is successfully used on the guitar was developed by George Beauchamp in 1931, when he was diamana using a hollow body guitar (hollow body). After World War II, then the solid-body electric guitar (solid-body) was popularized by Gibson in collaboration with Les Paul, Leo Fender, and by working independently.
Some models of electric guitar using piezoelectric pickups, which function as transducers to produce sound that is relatively similar to the acoustic guitar. There is also a guitar that combines a magnetic pickup and called hybrid piezoelectric pickup guitars.
Guitar Construction
Guitar body consists of three main parts: head, neck and body. On the head there is a string tuning machines. Strings of six pieces of each tied to six pegs which are part of engine tuning. Located in the neck between the head and body. The face of the neck that makes up approximately one-quarter of the front panel of the guitar body, a finger board which has 19 of the metal barrier, known as fret. Its function is to produce a different pitch level by putting your fingers in the spaces between the metal-metal fret. The body of the guitar serves as a resonator tube to magnify the sound produced by vibration of the strings. Front panel on the guitar body wood material is thinner than the rear and side boards, also known as sound board. On board there is a vote to remove the sound hole of sound production. Basically the guitar sound is produced by vibration of the strings are stretched between the buffer rod string which is the boundary between the head and neck (called a nut) with ivory border (called the bridge) at the base of the fastening strings on the soundboard.
Guitar accessories
Although the guitar is playable without the following tools, but the use of various accessories can be used to facilitate the holding and playing the guitar.
Guitar Strap
Guitar strap used to hang the guitar over his shoulder. Berbetuk a cloth strap with synthetic skin thickening at both ends, where the length can be set to adjust the position of a user favorite.
Guitars have a wide range of equipment for the pair strap. The most common equipment is used pin strap, which is a metal cylinder that is attached to the guitar using a screw. In general, two strap pin is always present in all the electric guitars and acoustic guitars. Pin strap by some people and then replaced with berpengunci strap (strap locks) which can connect the guitar and strap to more safely.
Pin the strap is usually located at the bottom of the guitar body. While the strap pin is generally located around the upper end of the guitar body, with the exact position that is different. The most common position is on the arch above the guitar body, at the end of the upper horn or in connection neck of the guitar (heel). Some electric guitars, especially the guitar with an odd body shape, has a strap pin mounted on the back of the guitar body, either one pin or two. There is also a top pin starp mounted on the head of the guitar.
Some acoustic guitar pick just one strap pin, which is at the base of the guitar body. To the other end of the strap must be fastened to the head of the guitar. However, some acoustic guitar strap is made with no pin at all.
Plectrum
Plectrum is a small piece of hard material that is generally held with the thumb and index finger and used to pluck the strings and sounds. Plectrum in general are more often used to play electric guitar. Although the main material is a plastic plectrum maker, there is also a plectrum from other materials, such as bone, wood, metal, or tortoise shell. Tortoise shell is the material most commonly used in the early era of making plectrum. But along with the turtles as endangered and a protected animal, tortoise shell is no longer used as a plectrum maker.
The shape and size of the plectrum is very diverse. Plectrum sizes range from small plectrum to jazz up a large plectrum for bass. Plectrum thickness also affect its use. A thinner plectrum (between 0.2 to 0.5 mm) are commonly used for rhythm playing, whereas thicker plectrum (between 0.7 and 1.5 + mm) are usually used to play melodies.
Distinctive guitar sound ala Billy Gibbons was mentioned because he was using American coins or coins of Mexico as plectrum. Something similar happened to Brian May who use English as a plectrum coins. As with the David Persons is known to use a plectrum of the old credit card cut to exact size.
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